در حال بارگیری ...

Login

Hello There!

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur
adipiscing elit,

Information

Follow Us

حوزه پژوهش علوم انسانی فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی رنا مقالات

بررسی قرارداد روانی (قرارداد نانوشته) میان کارمند و سازمان

دانلود PDF
جزئیات مقاله
دسته ---
دانلود 1
بازدید 8152
زبان انگلیسی
تاریخ انتشار 10 Apr 2021
دسترسی آزاد بله
امتیاز

نویسنده/گان

Majeed Mowahhed

چکیده

اگرچه قراردادهای رسمی آغازگر تعامل فرد و سازمان می‌باشد، اما همکاری افراد در چارچوب سازمانی تنها در قالب قراردادهای رسمی محدود نمی‌شود. به محض آغاز بکار یک کارمند در سازمان، در کنار قرارداد رسمی، یک قرارداد دیگر تحت عنوان قرارداد‌ روانی، میان طرفین به شکل ضمنی نیز ایجاد می‌گردد. سوال این است که در یک رابطه کاری قرارداد روانی چیست و دارای چی خصوصیاتی می باشد، نقض آن، برآورده شدن و یا عدم برآورده شدن انتظارات متقابل کارمند و مدیران سازمان؛ چی پیامد هایی را در قبال خواهد داشت. بعد از بررسی این موضوع با استفاده از روش توصیفی_تبیینی در روشنایی نظریۀ کنش متقابل نمادین، نتایج این تحقیق می رساند که قرارداد روانی یک قرارداد نانوشته، ضمنی و دارای ماهیت ذهنی بوده که برآورده شدن انتظارات طرفین قرارداد روانی، سبب پیامد‌های مثبتی از جمله بهبود کارآیی سازمان و تعهد شغلی کارمند شده و برخلاف، در صورت نقض قرارداد روانی، از یک طرف سبب کاهش بازدهی سازمان گردیده و از طرف دیگر منجر به نگرش‌ها و رفتار‌های منفی و خصمانه کارمند در قبال سازمان می‌شود.

منابع

 

  1. Arnold, J. (1996). The psychological contract: a concept in need of closer scrutiny. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(4), 511-520.
  2. Bedük, A. (2014). Örgüt Psikolojisi. 2. Baskı, Konya: Atlas Akademi.
  3. Chambel, M. J., & Oliveira-Cruz, F. (2010). Breach of psychological contract and the development of burnout and engagement: A longitudinal study among soldiers on a peacekeeping mission. Military Psychology, 22(2), 110-127.
  4. Conway, N., Guest, D., & Trenberth, L. (2011). Testing the differential effects of changes in psychological contract breach and fulfillment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(1), 267-276.
  5. Chiu, S. F., & Peng, J. C. (2008). The relationship between psychological contract breach and employee deviance: The moderating role of hostile attributional style. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 426-433.
  6. Coyle-Shapiro, J. A. M., & Kessler, I. (2002). Exploring reciprocity through the lens of the psychological contract: Employee and employer perspectives. European journal of work and organizational psychology, 11(1), 69-86.
  7. De Vos, A., Buyens, D., & Schalk, M. J. D. (2001). Antecedents of the psychological contract: the impact of work values and exchange orientation on organizational newcomers' psychological contract.
  8. De Vos, A., Meganck, A., & Buyens, D. (2005). The role of the psychological contract in retention management: Confronting HR-managers’ and employees’ views on retention factors and the relationship with employees’ intentions to stay. Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series. Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School, Leuven.
  9. Doğan, S., & Demiral, Ö. (2009). Örgütsel bağliliğin sağlanmasinda personel güçlendirme ve psikolojik sözleşmenin etkisine ilişkin bir araştirma. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (32), 47-80.
  10. Freese, C. (2007). Organizational change and the dynamics of psychological contracts: A longitudinal study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Tilbury, Netherlands.
  11. Freese, C., & Schalk, R. (2008). How to measure the psychological contract? A critical criteria-based review of measures. South African Journal of Psychology, 38(2), 269-286.
  12. Foldes, H. L. J. (2006). Ethical misconduct of senior leaders: Counterproductive work behaviors at the top. Phd Thesis, University of Minnesota.
  13. Fox, S., Spector, P. E., & Miles, D. (2001). Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) in response to job stressors and organizational justice: Some mediator and moderator tests for autonomy and emotions. Journal of vocational behavior, 59(3), 291-309.
  14. Grimmer, M., & Oddy, M. (2007). Violation of the psychological contract: The mediating effect of relational versus transactional beliefs. Australian Journal of Management, 32(1), 153-174.
  15. Gruys, M. L., & Sackett, P. R. (2003). Investigating the dimensionality of counterproductive work behavior. International journal of selection and assessment, 11(1), 30-42.
  16. Herriot, P., & Pemberton, C. (1995). New deals: The revolution in managerial careers. John Wiley & Son Ltd.
  17. Kaldırımcı, N. (1987). Motivasyon için anahtar bir kavram: psikolojik sözleşme. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1).
  18. Kickul, J. R., Neuman, G., Parker, C., & Finkl, J. (2001). Settling the score: The role of organizational justice in the relationship between psychological contract breach and anticitizenship behavior. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 13(2), 77-93.
  19. Knights, J. A., & Kennedy, B. J. (2005). Psychological contract violation: Impacts on job satisfaction and organizational commitment among Australian senior public servants. Applied HRM Research, 10(2), 57-72.
  20. Kotter, J. P. (1973). The psychological contract: Managing the joining-up process. California management review, 15(3), 91-99.
  21. Koys, D. J. (2001). The effects of employee satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, and turnover on organizational effectiveness: A unit‐level, longitudinal study. Personnel psychology, 54(1), 101-114.
  22. Lee, G. J., & Faller, N. (2005). Transactional and relational aspects of the psychological contracts of temporary workers. South African Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 831-847.
  23. McInnis, K. J., Meyer, J. P., & Feldman, S. (2009). Psychological contracts and their implications for commitment: A feature-based approach. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2), 165-180.
  24. Özgen, H. M., & Özgen, H. (2010). Psikolojik sözleşme ve boyutlarının iş tatmini örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyetine etkileri: Tibbi satış temsilcileri üzerinde bir araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(1), 1-19.
  25. Morrison, E. W., & Robinson, S. L. (1997). When employees feel betrayed: A model of how psychological contract violation develops. Academy of management Review, 22(1), 226-256.
  26. Çetin, M. Ö. (2004). Örgüt kültürü ve örgütsel bağlılık. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım. Ankara.
  27. Hüseyin, Ö. Z. G. E. N., Öztürk, A., & Yalçin, A. (2005). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi: Nobel Kitabevi. Adana
  28. Payne, S. C., Culbertson, S. S., Boswell, W. R., & Barger, E. J. (2008). Newcomer psychological contracts and employee socialization activities: Does perceived balance in obligations matter?. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 465-472.
  29. Peyrat-Guillard, D. (2008). Union discourse and perceived violation of contract: A social contract-based approach. Relations Industrielles/Industrial Relations, 63(3), 479-501.
  30. Rehman, M. A., Haq, I. U., Jam, F. A., Ali, A., & Hijazi, S. T. (2010). Psychological contract breach and burnout, mediating role of job stress and feeling of violation. European Journal of Social Sciences, 17(2), 232-237.
  31. Richard, O. C., McMillan-Capehart, A., Bhuian, S. N., & Taylor, E. C. (2009). Antecedents and consequences of psychological contracts: Does organizational culture really matter?. Journal of Business Research, 62(8), 818-825.
  32. Robinson, S. L., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994). Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of organizational behavior, 15(3), 245-259.
  33. Robinson, S. L. (1996). Trust and breach of the psychological contract. Administrative science quarterly, 41(4).
  34. Rosseau, Denise M. (2004), Research Brief, Academy of Management Executive, 18 (1):120-127.
  35. Rosseau, Denise M. (2004). Psychological contract in organization: understanding the written and unwritten agreements. Thousands Oaks: Sage.
  36. Sharkie, R. (2005). Precariousness under the new psychological contract: the effect on trust and the willingness to converse and share knowledge. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 3(1), 37-44.
  37. Şimşek, M. Ş., Çelik, A., & Akgemci, T. (2008). İşletme becerileri grup çalışması. Gazi Kitabevi. Ankara.
  38. Tengilimoğlu, D., & Mansur, F. (2009). İşletmelerde uygulanan mobbingin (psikolojik şiddet) örgütsel bağliliğa etkisi. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, Yıl: 2, 1(3); 69-84.
  39. Hao, Y., Yu, H., Xia, Z., & Zhao, B. (2010). Effect of Psychological Contract on Employee performance: A Review. In 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (pp. 1-4).
  40. Zhao, H. A. O., Wayne, S. J., Glibkowski, B. C., & Bravo, J. (2007). The impact of psychological contract breach on work‐related outcomes: a meta‐analysis. Personnel psychology, 60(3), 647-680.
  41. Arnold, J. (1996). The psychological contract: a concept in need of closer scrutiny. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5(4), 511-520.
  42. Bedük, A. (2014). Örgüt Psikolojisi. 2. Baskı, Konya: Atlas Akademi.
  43. Chambel, M. J., & Oliveira-Cruz, F. (2010). Breach of psychological contract and the development of burnout and engagement: A longitudinal study among soldiers on a peacekeeping mission. Military Psychology, 22(2), 110-127.
  44. Conway, N., Guest, D., & Trenberth, L. (2011). Testing the differential effects of changes in psychological contract breach and fulfillment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 79(1), 267-276.
  45. Chiu, S. F., & Peng, J. C. (2008). The relationship between psychological contract breach and employee deviance: The moderating role of hostile attributional style. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 426-433.
  46. Coyle-Shapiro, J. A. M., & Kessler, I. (2002). Exploring reciprocity through the lens of the psychological contract: Employee and employer perspectives. European journal of work and organizational psychology, 11(1), 69-86.
  47. De Vos, A., Buyens, D., & Schalk, M. J. D. (2001). Antecedents of the psychological contract: the impact of work values and exchange orientation on organizational newcomers' psychological contract.
  48. De Vos, A., Meganck, A., & Buyens, D. (2005). The role of the psychological contract in retention management: Confronting HR-managers’ and employees’ views on retention factors and the relationship with employees’ intentions to stay. Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School Working Paper Series. Vlerick Leuven Gent Management School, Leuven.
  49. Doğan, S., & Demiral, Ö. (2009). Örgütsel bağliliğin sağlanmasinda personel güçlendirme ve psikolojik sözleşmenin etkisine ilişkin bir araştirma. Erciyes Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, (32), 47-80.
  50. Freese, C. (2007). Organizational change and the dynamics of psychological contracts: A longitudinal study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Tilbury, Netherlands.
  51. Freese, C., & Schalk, R. (2008). How to measure the psychological contract? A critical criteria-based review of measures. South African Journal of Psychology, 38(2), 269-286.
  52. Foldes, H. L. J. (2006). Ethical misconduct of senior leaders: Counterproductive work behaviors at the top. Phd Thesis, University of Minnesota.
  53. Fox, S., Spector, P. E., & Miles, D. (2001). Counterproductive work behavior (CWB) in response to job stressors and organizational justice: Some mediator and moderator tests for autonomy and emotions. Journal of vocational behavior, 59(3), 291-309.
  54. Grimmer, M., & Oddy, M. (2007). Violation of the psychological contract: The mediating effect of relational versus transactional beliefs. Australian Journal of Management, 32(1), 153-174.
  55. Gruys, M. L., & Sackett, P. R. (2003). Investigating the dimensionality of counterproductive work behavior. International journal of selection and assessment, 11(1), 30-42.
  56. Herriot, P., & Pemberton, C. (1995). New deals: The revolution in managerial careers. John Wiley & Son Ltd.
  57. Kaldırımcı, N. (1987). Motivasyon için anahtar bir kavram: psikolojik sözleşme. Erciyes Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1(1).
  58. Kickul, J. R., Neuman, G., Parker, C., & Finkl, J. (2001). Settling the score: The role of organizational justice in the relationship between psychological contract breach and anticitizenship behavior. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 13(2), 77-93.
  59. Knights, J. A., & Kennedy, B. J. (2005). Psychological contract violation: Impacts on job satisfaction and organizational commitment among Australian senior public servants. Applied HRM Research, 10(2), 57-72.
  60. Kotter, J. P. (1973). The psychological contract: Managing the joining-up process. California management review, 15(3), 91-99.
  61. Koys, D. J. (2001). The effects of employee satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior, and turnover on organizational effectiveness: A unit‐level, longitudinal study. Personnel psychology, 54(1), 101-114.
  62. Lee, G. J., & Faller, N. (2005). Transactional and relational aspects of the psychological contracts of temporary workers. South African Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 831-847.
  63. McInnis, K. J., Meyer, J. P., & Feldman, S. (2009). Psychological contracts and their implications for commitment: A feature-based approach. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2), 165-180.
  64. Özgen, H. M., & Özgen, H. (2010). Psikolojik sözleşme ve boyutlarının iş tatmini örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyetine etkileri: Tibbi satış temsilcileri üzerinde bir araştırma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(1), 1-19.
  65. Morrison, E. W., & Robinson, S. L. (1997). When employees feel betrayed: A model of how psychological contract violation develops. Academy of management Review, 22(1), 226-256.
  66. Çetin, M. Ö. (2004). Örgüt kültürü ve örgütsel bağlılık. Nobel Yayın Dağıtım. Ankara.
  67. Hüseyin, Ö. Z. G. E. N., Öztürk, A., & Yalçin, A. (2005). İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi: Nobel Kitabevi. Adana
  68. Payne, S. C., Culbertson, S. S., Boswell, W. R., & Barger, E. J. (2008). Newcomer psychological contracts and employee socialization activities: Does perceived balance in obligations matter?. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 73(3), 465-472.
  69. Peyrat-Guillard, D. (2008). Union discourse and perceived violation of contract: A social contract-based approach. Relations Industrielles/Industrial Relations, 63(3), 479-501.
  70. Rehman, M. A., Haq, I. U., Jam, F. A., Ali, A., & Hijazi, S. T. (2010). Psychological contract breach and burnout, mediating role of job stress and feeling of violation. European Journal of Social Sciences, 17(2), 232-237.
  71. Richard, O. C., McMillan-Capehart, A., Bhuian, S. N., & Taylor, E. C. (2009). Antecedents and consequences of psychological contracts: Does organizational culture really matter?. Journal of Business Research, 62(8), 818-825.
  72. Robinson, S. L., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994). Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of organizational behavior, 15(3), 245-259.
  73. Robinson, S. L. (1996). Trust and breach of the psychological contract. Administrative science quarterly, 41(4).
  74. Rosseau, Denise M. (2004), Research Brief, Academy of Management Executive, 18 (1):120-127.
  75. Rosseau, Denise M. (2004). Psychological contract in organization: understanding the written and unwritten agreements. Thousands Oaks: Sage.
  76. Sharkie, R. (2005). Precariousness under the new psychological contract: the effect on trust and the willingness to converse and share knowledge. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 3(1), 37-44.
  77. Şimşek, M. Ş., Çelik, A., & Akgemci, T. (2008). İşletme becerileri grup çalışması. Gazi Kitabevi. Ankara.
  78. Tengilimoğlu, D., & Mansur, F. (2009). İşletmelerde uygulanan mobbingin (psikolojik şiddet) örgütsel bağliliğa etkisi. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, Yıl: 2, 1(3); 69-84.
  79. Hao, Y., Yu, H., Xia, Z., & Zhao, B. (2010). Effect of Psychological Contract on Employee performance: A Review. In 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (pp. 1-4).
  80. Zhao, H. A. O., Wayne, S. J., Glibkowski, B. C., & Bravo, J. (2007). The impact of psychological contract breach on work‐related outcomes: a meta‐analysis. Personnel psychology, 60(3), 647-680.

نحوه استناد به مقاله:

به زودی اضافه خواهد شد

قبلی

مقاله قبلی